The epoch of reionization marks the emergence of the first galaxies, which emitted energetic light into the intergalactic medium (IGM), leading to its ionisation and heating. The 21-cm signal produced by neutral hydrogen in the IGM serves as a unique probe of these early light sources, enabling us to measure their impact on the surrounding gas. This signal not only enhances our understanding...
During the Epoch of Reionisation (EoR), the ultraviolet radiation from the first stars and galaxies ionised the neutral hydrogen of the intergalactic medium, which itself can emit radiation through the 21 cm hyperfine transition. Due to this, the 21 cm signal is a direct probe of the first stars in the early Universe and a key science goal for the future Square Kilometre Array (SKA). However,...
Evidence for a stochastic gravitational wave background from pulsar timing arrays shows a strong potential for exploring new physics phenomena beyond the Standard Model, which has so far escaped detection at particle colliders. This presentation elucidates how gravitational waves measurements can deepen our understanding of particle interactions and violent processes in the very early...
